Biomolecules & Therapeutics  https://doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2023.116
Association between LEPR Genotype and Gut Microbiome in Healthy Non-Obese Korean Adults
Yoon Jung Cha1,2, In Ae Chang1, Eun-Heui Jin3, Ji Hye Song1,2, Jang Hee Hong1,4, Jin-Gyu Jung5,* and Jung Sunwoo1,*
1Clinical Trials Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015,
2Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015,
3Translational Immunology Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015,
4Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015,
5Department of Family Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
*E-mail: jjg72@cnuh.co.kr (Jung JG), swj4991@cnuh.co.kr (Sunwoo J)
Tel: +82-42-280-8174 (Jung JG), +82-42-280-6925 (Sunwoo J)
Fax: +82-42-280-6524 (Jung JG), +82-42-280-6524 (Sunwoo J)
Received: June 16, 2023; Revised: July 11, 2023; Accepted: July 12, 2023; Published online: July 28, 2023.
© The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology. All rights reserved.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The LEPR (leptin receptor) genotype is associated with obesity. Gut microbiome composition differs between obese and nonobese adults. However, the impact of LEPR genotype on gut microbiome composition in humans has not yet been studied. In this study, the association between LEPR single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1173100, rs1137101, and rs790419) and the gut microbiome composition in 65 non-obese Korean adults was investigated. Leptin, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were also measured in all participants. Mean ± SD (standard deviation) of age, body mass index, and leptin hormone levels of participants was 35.2 ± 8.1 years, 21.4 ± 1.8 kg/m2, and 7989.1 ± 6687.4 pg/mL, respectively. Gut microbiome analysis was performed at the phylum level by 16S rRNA sequencing. Among the 11 phyla detected, only one showed significantly different relative abundances between LEPR genotypes. The relative abundance of Candidatus Saccharibacteria was higher in the G/A genotype group than in the G/G genotype group for the rs1137101 single nucleotide polymorphism (p=0.0322). Participant characteristics, including body mass index, leptin levels, and other lipid levels, were similar between the rs1137101 G/G and G/A genotypes. In addition, the relative abundances of Fusobacteria and Tenericutes showed significant positive relationship with plasma leptin concentrations (p=0.0036 and p=0.0000, respectively). In conclusion, LEPR genotype and gut microbiome may be associated even in normal-weight Korean adults. However, further studies with a greater number of obese adults are needed to confirm whether LEPR genotype is related to gut microbiome composition.
Keywords: Gastrointestinal microbiome, Leptin, Receptors, leptin, Obesity, Industrial microbiology, Pharmacogenetics

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