Fig. 4. Rosmarinic acid (RA) alleviates the reduction in glutathione (GSH) levels induced by UVB radiation in human HaCaT keratinocytes. Cells were pretreated with RA (2.5 μM) and then exposed to UVB and incubated for 24 h. (A) The protein expressions of GCLC and GSS were detected by western blot analysis. Actin was used as a loading control. (B) After cells were stained with CMAC, a specific dye for GSH detection, GSH levels were detected using confocal microscopy. (C) GSH levels were measured using a commercial GSH detection kit. *Significantly different from control (p<0.05), **significantly different from UVB-irradiated cells (p<0.05). (D) Cells were incubated with GSH inhibitor buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), treated with RA (2.5 μM), and exposed to UVB for analysis of cell viability using the MTT assay. *Significantly different from UVB-treated cells (p<0.05), and **significantly different from RA plus UVB-treated cells (p<0.05).
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