Fig. 4. Melatonin attenuated mitochondrial damage induced by AA. (A) Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of mitochondria in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells of mice. Mt: mitochondria, N: nucleus, yellow arrow: damaged mitochondria, white arrow: mitophagosome. (B) The statistic result of mitochondrial fragmentation (n=3). (C) Mitochondrial transmembrane potential detection by JC-1 probes in NRK-52E and HK-2 cells after melatonin (1 mM) treatment in response to AA (2.5 µg/mL) (scale bars: 20 µm) (n=3). (D) ATP levels in NRK-52E and HK-2 cells (n=4). (E) ATP levels in kidney tissues of mice (n=6). (F) Immunofluorescence colocalization detection in NRK-52E and HK-2 cells using GFP-LC3A/B antibody (green) and Mito-tracker (red) (scale bar: 5 μm). The cell nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). (G) The statistical result of mitophagosome formation (n=3). CONT means control. Mel means melatonin. Values are means ± SEM, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.
© Biomolecules & Therapeutics
