Biomolecules & Therapeutics

Table. 1.

Table 1 List of previously reported cancer biomarker candidates with sex disparity identified by a PubMed search

Symbol	Gene name	Sex-biased function in cancer	References
BAP1	BRCA1 Associated Protein 1	- Regulation of cell cycle, cellular differentiation, and DNA damage	Li et al., 2018; Masoomian et al., 2018
BAP1	BRCA1 Associated Protein 1	- More frequent mutation in female-derived HCC	Li et al., 2018; Masoomian et al., 2018
BRUCE (BIRC6)	BIR Repeat-Containing Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme	- Regulation of tumor cell death	Salehi et al., 2017
BRUCE (BIRC6)	BIR Repeat-Containing Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme	- Higher levels of expression specific in female	Salehi et al., 2017
CTNNB1	Catenin Beta 1	- Regulation of cell growth and adhesion between cells	Xia et al., 2006; Li et al., 2018
CTNNB1	Catenin Beta 1	- More frequent mutation in male liver cancer patients	Xia et al., 2006; Li et al., 2018
FOXA1	Forkhead Box Protein A1	- Regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle	Li et al., 2012, 2017
FOXA1	Forkhead Box Protein A1	- Significantly expressed higher in female HCC	Li et al., 2012, 2017
GLIPR1	Glioma pathogenesis-related protein 1	- Regulation of cell growth and chemokine secretion	Li et al., 2011; Zhang et al., 2015
GLIPR1	Glioma pathogenesis-related protein 1	- Lower expressed specific in male thyroid cancer patients	Li et al., 2011; Zhang et al., 2015
GSTO1	Glutathione S-transferase omega-1	- Protection of normal cells against damage induced by carcinogens in HCC	Niu et al., 2009; Qu et al., 2015
GSTP1	Glutathione S-transferase pi-1	- Significantly associated with overall survival in HCC patients	Niu et al., 2009; Qu et al., 2015
IL6	Interleukin 6	- Strong correlation between inflammation and cancer	Naugler et al., 2007; Liu and Liu, 2014; Kumari, et al., 2016
IL6	Interleukin 6	- Low expression reduced risk of cancer in female liver cancer patients
KISS1R	Kisspeptin receptor 1	- Suppression of cancer metastasis	Shirasaki et al., 2001; Yaron et al., 2015
KISS1R	Kisspeptin receptor 1	- Significantly expressed highly in female pituitary tumors patients	Shirasaki et al., 2001; Yaron et al., 2015
PER1	Period 1	- Regulation of cell cycle and promotion of DNA repair	Wang et al., 2015
PER1	Period 1	- Higher expression in female colon cancer patients	Wang et al., 2015
RHOA	Ras Homolog Family Member A	- Promotion of tumor cell proliferation and metastasis	De Rienzo et al., 2016
RHOA	Ras Homolog Family Member A	- Significant reduction in survival of the entire cohort and across gender subgroups	De Rienzo et al., 2016
SRPK1	Serine-arginine protein kinase 1	- Regulation of mRNA splicing	Graveley, 2000; Zhang et al., 2016
SRPK1	Serine-arginine protein kinase 1	- Higher expression significantly correlated with sex specific to male HCC patients	Graveley, 2000; Zhang et al., 2016

Biomolecules & Therapeutics 2020;28:491~502 https://doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2020.157