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Table. 1.

Table 1 Summary of the methods for detecting botulinum toxins

MLB SNAP-25 assay MPN NFPA Immuno-assays Catalytic activity assays Cell-based assay Nucleic acid-based assay
Sensitivity (pg/mL) <10a (0.3-80)b (30-50)c <10a,d (0.2-2.2)e,f (0.1-1,000)g ~3h (1-5)i
Duration (including sample preparation time, day) >5j <1j <1j >2j <1j <1j Variablej (1-2)j
Correlation with MLB - 0.95k (0.96-0.99)l 0.98m 0.94n (0.85-0.97)o N/A N/A
Serotypes detected (A, B, C, D, E, F, G)p (A, B, C, D, E, F, G)b (A, B, E)c (A, B)q (A, B, E, F)r (A, B, E, F)s,t (A, B, E)u (A, B, E, F)v
Experimental design in vivo in vitro ex vivo ex vivo in vitro in vitro in vitro in vitro

MLB, mouse lethality bioassay; MPN, mouse phrenic nerve hemidiaphragm test; NFPA, non-lethal mouse flaccid paralysis assay; N/A, not available.

References: aWictome et al. (1999); bvon Berg et al. (2019); cBigalke and Rummel (2015); dWilder-Kofie et al. (2011); eCheng and Stanker (2013); fSharma et al. (2006); gKalb et al. (2015); hRust et al. (2017); iČapek and Dickerson (2010); jStephens (2005); kEkong et al. (1997); lRasetti-Escargueil et al. (2011); mSesardic et al. (1996); nZechmeister et al. (2002); oBjörnstad et al. (2014); pDunning et al. (2014); qSesardic and Das (2007); rFerreira (2001); sRosen et al. (2017); tBoyer et al. (2005); uMcNutt et al. (2013); vCheng et al (2016).
Biomolecules & Therapeutics 2020;28:302~310 https://doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2019.200
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