Fig. 2. Expression of inflammatory and cell cycle markers in etoposide-treated astrocytes in vitro. Rat primary cultured astrocytes were treated with DMSO (vehicle), etoposide 1 μM, or etoposide 10 μM for 24 h. (A) The expression level of senescence-related genes was measured by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). The graph represents the mRNA expression levels. Values were normalized based on GAPDH. (B) The expression level of senescence-related proteins was measured by Western blot. Densitometry analysis of the protein expression levels. The graph represents the protein expression levels and the values were normalized to the Actin expression. The bars represent the mean ± SEM. * indicates p<0.05 and ** indicates p<0.01 vs. vehicle group.
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